明治・大正期における幼稚園の建築と教育 : 旭東幼稚園(岡山県)を中心に
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概要
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This paper explores the change of space composition in kindergarten buildings which supported educational practice in Meiji and Taisho Periods of Okayama Prefecture. This research examines the floor plans of the three buildings mainly, in the relationship with the contents and the methods of education at those times, too. Three kindergartens in Okayama Prefecture are examined where early childhood education was actively developed since Meiji Era. They are Kyokuto (built in 1908), Shin-tei (in 1924) kindergartens in Okayama City and Kurashiki kindergarten (in 1915) in Kurashiki City. Through comparing the three cases, this paper concluded two characteristic points as follows. Firstly, the activities of kindergartens in Meiji Period was mainly the seated ones in the room and it was over-emphasized the intellectual training. But in Taisho Period, they changed to the outdoor activities, and teachers promoted the physical and emotional development of the children. Secondly, the functions of all the space of the rooms and the corridor changed from specific to maltiple. For example, the hall became the space for many activities. The corridor was used not only as the pass but also as the intermediate space for play between indoors and outdoors. The activity-room was transformed into the home-room. The corridor and the rooms of the three cases built in Taisho Period implicate the formal type continued in kindergarten buildings in Japan.
- 東京大学の論文
- 1995-12-20