PHYLOGENETIC SIGNIFICANCE OF THE LIMITED DISTRIBUTION OF OCTADECAPENTAENOIC ACID IN PRYMNESIOPHYTES AND PHOTOSYNTHETIC DINOFLAGELLATES (14th Symposium on Polar Biology)

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Fatty acid composition of lipids from two strains of prymnesiophytes, seven strains of photosynthetic dinoflagellates, one strain of non-photosynthetic dinoflagellates and two strains of cryptomonads was examined with special emphasis on the presence or the absence of an octadecapentaenoic acid [18:5(n-3)]. Prymnesiophytes (Emiliania huxleyi and Gephyrocapsa oceanicd) and photosynthetic dinoflagellates [Amphidinium carterae, Prorocentrum micans, Protoceratiwn reticulatum, Pyrocystis lunula, Scrippsiella trochoidea, Symbiodinium microadriaticum (two strains)] examined all contained significant levels of 18:5(n-3) as a fatty acyl component. However, a non-photosynthetic dinoflagellate (Gymnodinium sp.) and cryptomonads (Cryptomonas sp. and Rhodomonas sp.) did not contain any level of 18:5(n-3). These results suggest that 18:5(n-3) is highly reliable as a specific marker of prymnesiophytes and photosynthetic dinoflagellates. 18:5(n-3) was found in glycolipids (monogalactosyl-diacylglycerol and digalactosyldiacylglycerol) and in phospholipids (phosphatidyl-choline) both in prymnesiophytes and dinoflagellates. Levels of 18:5(n-3) in glycolipids were higher than those in phospholipids, particularly in dinoflagellates.
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