他者の声は聞こえるか : 民族誌学における省察的動向と比較文化論

概要

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Despite a large literature on so called 'comparative culture', there is little which specifically examines the interconnections between 'comparative culture' and anthropology. This paper examines theoretical and methodological trends in ethnography, focusing on the humanist tendency amongst post-structural anthropologists, in an attempt to clarify their basic attitude to cross cultural comparisons and to address the issue of how sufficient interconnections can be generated between 'comparative culture' and anthropology. Analysis of theoretical and methodological trends highlights the fact that anthropology is not just a tool for regional studies, nor is it typology of cultures. This is reflected in the points made by Edward Said. He claims in his text of Orientalism (1978) that a discourse on the Orient by Western scholars, systematically reduces the multiplicity of the Orient to a stereotypical image, often sexualized, and essentialized the Orient as the residual category of the Orient, and that Orientalism is a form of power which disempowers the people of the Orient by claiming the objectivity of scientific methodology. This may indicate that anthropogists need to establish new historical and introspective ethnography so as to clear away the discourse of Orientalism.
長崎純心大学・長崎純心大学短期大学部の論文
1998-03-01