「生活の科学化」に関する歴史的考察 : 大正・昭和初期の科学イデオロギー

概要

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In the Meiji era the fruits of science and technology were seen only in public enterprises, while in the Taisho era they started to affect home life. The impact of WWI caused science boom in the political, the business, the academic circles. At the same time, new attention was paid to home life. For example, home life was displayed in many kinds of expositions, which were held originally for the development of domestic industries. Then the connection between science and life was completed. The concrete examples were (1)special exhibitions in Tokyo Educational Museum about health and sanitation, efficient homework (food, clothing, shelter, and bringing up a child), and economical life through; (2)many kinds of articles in Friend of housewives (Shufu no tomo) , Scientific Knowledge (Kagaku Chishiki) etc. In this phase, women were expected to carry out "Saientification of Life". Though they were named 'science', many of them were how-to instructions about daily life. First of all, 'Scientification of Life' meant a source of national wealth and power, and secondary the presentation of civilization. But women regarded it as an almighty means for an achievement of enjoyable and beautiful life. There was a gap between scientists and women, but they had agreement in that science would make up desirable future.
東京大学の論文
1997-03-31