佐久間象山雅号呼称の決め手

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Sakuma Shōzan, one of the influential proponents of westernization in Japan just before the Meiji Restoration, has also wrongly been called Sakuma Zōzan, a prolonged confusion that seemed to have begun just after Sakuma had adopted the nom de plume in 1836. Sakuma explained in his "Explication of Shōzan" that the pen name had been called after the hill near his house at Matsushiro, Shinano Province (now Nagano-ken). The mountain, he said, had been called "Zōzan" by the residents as it looked like a "zo," or an elephant ("zan" means a "mountain"). A hot controversy arose between those who insisted on calling him "Zōzan" as the name had been adopted from Mt. Zōzan and those who believed "Shōzan" should be used as the pen name of a Confucian scholar who was studying Chinese learning had to be called in Han pronunciation of Chinese characters, a suggestion that led to "Shōzan," not to "Zōzan," a Wu pronunciation unlikely to be used by Confucians in general. The key to decide which is the right pronunciation can be found in the "Memorandum attached to the three sutras," which was dedicated to the Honseiji Temple at Matsushiro by Sakuma Shoan in 1845. Sakuma declared in the document that his pen name should be pronounced "Shō" and "san," a combination of which makes for "Shōzan." The listing of books, dictionaries, articles, and newspaper items concerning Sakuma Shōzan is also shown to indicate how often both the pronunciations have been used since the Meiji era until now.
信州大学の論文

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高橋宏
信州大学教養部

佐久間象山雅号呼称の決め手

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