Moving Toward Sustainability in Agro-forestry : The Case of Smallholder Rubber in Indonesia

概要

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The rubber industry in Indonesia is unsustainable because of such environmental problems as land clearing and degradation, loss of biodiversity, water and air pollution, and heavy resource use. Underlying these environmental problems are social and structural problems. These include the non-compliance of the rubber industry with government regulations ; government development programs that have not succeeded because of a misfit between development strategies and the social concerns of "target" populations ; and, most importantly, the low socio-economic status of smallholder rubber farmers. In this article we describe a set of strategies for developing the Indonesian rubber industry in a more sustainable way. Among the recommendations are : the deployment of new technologies, such as the mini-creper machines, for smallholders ; the integration of "downstream" and "upstream" elements of the rubber industry through a partnership approach across the industry ; and a strong policy role for the government in protecting the environment and reducing poverty. The government should also partly fund mixed replanting schemes to improve farming performance, and provide land title to prevent further destruction of the forest.
関西学院大学の論文
1999-08-31