多文化社会アメリカにおける政治と宗教の関係
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概要
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In the United States it has been pretty difficult to integrate and govern the nation because of its multicultural society since colonial times. Therefore, American politics has utilized religion in various ways in order to make national integration much easier, as American people have been very religious and the religions competitively active since before independence. In this country the relationship between politics and religion has gradually but discernibly transformed from the theocracy in colonial times to WASP regime in the early Republic. Then, American politics depended upon "Civil Religion" instead of WASP regime after the middle of the 19th century, because so many non-Protestant immigrants came over to the U. S. that the majority rule by Protestants was seriously jolted. The political symbols and rituals of Civil Religion were commonly accepted by Protestants, Catholics and Jews; however, Civil Religion has lost its power after Watergate scandals and the intensification of the culture wars in the U. S. in 1970s. In the present times since then it must be religious interest groups to play role of an important link combining politics and organized religions instead of WASP regime and Civil Religion. The author of this article hypothesizes that the relationship between American politics and religion would also change from the asymmetric, oneway and "magical" one to a more practical and even business-like one. If this is the case, it might be what the founding fathers has really wanted as an ideal relationship between politics and religion in this multicultural country.
- 恵泉女学園大学の論文