英語の未来表現について : be going to を中心にして
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概要
- 論文の詳細を見る
There are some expressions referring to future time in English because English has no 'future tense' equivalent to that of Latin or French. In general, English has six types of future expressions. However, all of the expressions do not indicate the same meaning. Each of the expressions has some different usages. The progressive aspect originally refers to 'action in progress' and when it expresses futurity the present progressive means 'future arising from present arrangement, plan or programme'. The combination of be going to with the infinitive generally has two meanings : 'future fulfilment of a present intention' and 'future result of a present cause'. In this paper we make it clear that be going to implies 'intention' and 'sign'. The modal auxiliary will always means 'modality'. The type of 'modality' can be divided into two : 'root' and 'epistemic'. Each type of 'modality' has a specific meaning ; with respect to will the root modality means 'volition' and the epistemic modality means 'prediction'. The event expressed by the present progressive can never be changed by anyone. And be going to only indicates the present 'sign' that the event expressed by be going to will occur or the speaker's 'intention' of present time. It is least certain whether the event referred to by these two expressions will really happen. The construction be going to is regarded as 'present-oriented', whereas will as 'futureoriented'. In order to connect future time with present time be going to occurs first, and then will follows. The sentence containing will is considered as 'elliptical' without a conditional clause. The auxiliary will frequently occurs in the apodosis, because will needs some conditionally. While will is rare in the protasis, be going to is often used there. In this case, will or be going to expresses the meaning of root modality.
- 奈良教育大学の論文