19 世紀フランス初等教育財政と学校金庫 (Caisse des Ecoles)

概要

論文の詳細を見る
The system of compulsory education in France was established in 1880's, which was quite different from the preceding system of modern liberal elememtary education. Under the compulsory education, public finace of elementary education became to be controlled directly by 'Etat' (state), though each 'commune' (municipality) governed it before. In terms of public finace of education, it was fundamental change in relationship between 'Etat' and 'commune'. In this process, the nature of 'centimes', as could be called a kind of 'school tax', which each 'commune' had right to tax at first, had changed. 'Commune' had lost right not only to tax 'centimes' but also to participate in 'commune' teacher's nomination. Instead, 'Etat' had right to control all of them. In these viewpoints, I'll investgate 'caisse des ecoles' (school chest) which each 'commune' established voluntarily at first to encourage school attendance and to help poor children. Under compulsory education, this 'caisse' became obligatory to all 'commune', and thereafter the volountary and independent nature of this organization had lost.
東京大学の論文
1989-03-30