技術革新と人間労働 : 疲労感の医療社会学的分析
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概要
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The aim of report is to analyze, from medical sociological point of view, fatigue in working population generated during the process of technological innovation, including automation and computerization. The sort of labor generated by technological innovation is termed "monotonous labor," because it involves repeating simple monotonous actions. We choose "monotonous labor" as the subject of our survey, and wish to analyze the fatigue caused by monotonous labor with regard to what kind of factors affect fatigue under actual working conditions, in a setting of technological innovation. "Fatigue" has been the main subject of labor hygiene studies and in most case has been analyzed in terms of time as the main factor controling fatigue, since it has been studied mainly in laboratries from physiological point of view. This survey, however, studied the factors influencing fatigue in individuals with particular reference to the contemporary social structure and industorial system, without assuming a particular element as controling factor. As the result of this research, I have made the following generalizations ; (1) Fatigue is affected by the emotional response of the worker to the job------the more a worker likes the job, the less is his fatigue. (2) Where the relations between the laborer and his superior are not good, fatigue varies in accordance with the state of relations. (3) Workers in onotonous jobs, who for some reason are mentally troubled, show a higher index of fatigue is than workers with no worries. (4) Workers who feel their job matches their ability feel less fatigue than those who are dissatisfied in their job. (5) Fatigue in male workers increase over time. On the other hand, fatigue in female workers appears to be unrelated to time. However, in both male and female workers, fatigues closely related to the emotional attitude of the worker towards his and her job. (6) In workshop where so-called "monotonous labor" is carred on, age differentiation is not identified with fatigue allocation. From the above generalizations, it would appear, in contrast to the results obtained by laboratory research, that a high propotion of the factors causing fatigue in "monotonous labor" are psychological, although fatigue itself is a physiological phenomenon. In order to reduce fatigue in factory workers, to solve this part of human alienation, priority should be given to human factors, for example workerworker relations, rather than to technological factors, (i. e., man-machine relations)
- 東海大学の論文
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