住まいに反映する高齢者の家族関係と生活意識について : 地域ケアサービスの効果
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概要
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In a previous study, we found that the elderly in rural communities were more likely to express the desire to live with their eldest son, and the rate of living together was actually higher. If the elderly want to live together so that they will have someone to take care of them, then the implementation of social services such as home helpers and day services may further reduce traditional reliance on the eldest son and wife, even in rural areas. For this reason, we conducted a survey among elderly persons living in regions which have already begun geriatric care services, and asked them about their lifestyles and relationships with family members, and then compared their answers with those of elderly and adults. Subjects were 97 elderly persons (mean age 70.5 years) residenting in farming town I, which was very quick in providing care services to community; 102 elderly (mean age 72.0 years) residenting in a suburban city B; and 87 adult controls (mean age 42.3 years). On the question of who they wanted to look after them if they were bedridden, elderly men in both cities mainly said their wives, and women said they would rely on daughter-in law. Elderly women in City B preferred to live with their daughters more often than did those in Town I, and they were also more likely to disagree with traditional sex roles. The results of this study of personal space support our previous findings, indicating that in both Town I and City B, the interpersonal distance between the elderly and grandchildren and spouses are close, while relations with sons-in-law and daughters-in-law are more distant. Among the adult controls, more respondents were interested in living with their daughters, and preferred to be taken care of by their daughters, spouses, or community services. In both Town I and City B, more elderly respondents preferred to live in Japanese-style houses, but adult controls overwhelmingly preferred independent residences for the two generations. It would appear that the desire to live together with one's grown-up children is not driven by need for care or by economic reasons, but is rather a reflection of the social, family, and human values that the elderly have grown up under.
- 1996-03-31
著者
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