A Measurement of Vibrational-Rotational Temperature and Density of Molecular Nitrogen in the Upper Atmosphere by Rocket-Borne Electron Beam Induced Luminescence

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The vibrational temperature, the rotational temperature and the density of atmospheric molecular nitrogen in the lower thermosphere between 100-150 km were measured in situ by a sounding rocket S-310-24,over Uchinoura, Kagoshima, Japan, at 20 : 00 JST on February 11,1996. Molecular nitrogen was first ionized using an electron gun and the emission of the first negative band of ionized molecular nitrogen in the wavelength range of 356nm-442nm was measured by a sensitive spectrometer. To analyze the spectra obtained in the rocket experiment, the synthetic spectra were calculated for the resolution fo the rocket instrument and fitted to spectra data for various rotational temperature and vibrational temperature by non-linear square method. The number density was deduced from intensities of rocket spectra. The descending ionized intermediate layer was also observed at 135-140km on rocket ascent by the impedance probe which simultaneously is borne on the rocket. Observed vibrational temperature was determined to be 400K with upper limit of 800K at 100km, 800K with upper limit of 1000K at 130km and 1000K with upper limit of 2000K at 150km. Observed rotational temperature showed the sinusoidal structure in altitude, whose vertical wavelength was about 50 km. Difference in the amplitude of the height varying temperature from kinetic temperature of MSIS model was about 100K. Number density showed fine vertical structure with the vertical wavelength of 5-20km superimposed on major sinusoidal structure in altitude whose major vertical wavelength was about 50km. These large-scale perturbation was probably induced by a semidiurnal tidal wind. For this wind field, the altitude profile of temperature was calculated using the conservation law of the potential temperature, and the altitude profile of ion density was also calculated using by the continuity equation. Numerical results showed the observed altitude profile of the number density, rotational temperature of molecular nitrogen, and ion density could be explained consistently by the same wind field mentioned above
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A Measurement of Vibrational-Rotational Temperature and Density of Molecular Nitrogen in the Upper Atmosphere by Rocket-Borne Electron Beam Induced Luminescence

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