Petrography and mineral chemistry of high-grade pelitic gneisses and related rocks from Namaqualand, South Africa
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概要
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Four different types of paragneisses, (1) ordinary pelitic gneiss, (2) sapphirine-bearing aluminous gneiss, (3) osumilite-bearing magnesian gneiss, and (4) quartz-magnetite-rich ferruginous gneiss, occur in the Namaqualand Metamorphic Complex in South Africa. They are examined with respect to their mineral parageneses and mineral chemistries for assessing chemical evolution during high temperature metamorphism. (1) Ordinary pelitic gneisses show amphibolite to granulite facies mineral parageneses composed of biotite, sillimanite, cordierite, garnet and spinel with or without orthopyroxene. Other rock types (2)∿ (4), occurring as layers or blocks in pelitic gneiss, granitic orthogneiss or mafic granulite, show characteristic mineral parageneses : (2) Aluminous gneiss is characterized by quartz-free silica-undersaturated mineral parageneses, and contains porphyroblastic clots of sapphirine-spinel-corundum aggregate. (3) Osumilite-bearing magnesian gneiss is composed mainly of quartz, plagioclase, cordierite and osumilite which is mostly replaced by a fine-grained symplectite of cordierite-K-feldspar-quartz-orthopyroxene. Biotite, spinel and orthopyroxene are minor. (4) Ferruginous gneiss contains a large volume of magnetite accompanying quartz, sillimanite and spinel. Feldspar is typically lacking. Biotite in paragneisses contains a varying amount of fluorine, up to 5.8wt%, having no systematic relation to whether it coexists with orthopyroxene or not. Geothermobarometries for coexisting garnet and orthopyroxene yield metamorphic conditions around 850℃ and 0.5GPa. Orthopyroxene contains high (Al)_2O_3,up to 8.5wt%, and is probably formed by the dehydration melting of biotite at the peak of metamorphism. ZnO contents of spinel in pelitic, ferruginous and magnesian gneisses range from 0.3 to 13.7wt%, whereas those in the sapphirine-bearing aluminous gneisses are less than 0.5wt%.
- 国立極地研究所の論文
著者
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Hokada Tomokazu
National Institute of Polar Research, 10-3 Midori-cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-8518, Japan
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Hiroi Yoshikuni
Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Chiba University
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Motoyoshi Yoichi
National Institute of Polar Research
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Shiraishi Kazuyuki
National Institute of Polar Research
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Yuhara M
Niigata Univ. Niigata Jpn
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Yuhara Masaki
Department Of Earth System Science Faculty Of Science Fukuoka University
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Hokada T
National Inst. Polar Res. Tokyo Jpn
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Motoyoshi Y
National Inst. Polar Res. Tokyo Jpn
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Shimura Toshiaki
Department Of Geology Niigata University
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Shimura Toshiaki
Department Of Geology Faculty Of Science Niigata University
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Grantham G.h.
Council For Geoscience
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Grantham Geoffrey
Council for Geoscience
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Knoper Mike
Department of Geology, Rand Afrikaans University
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Knoper Mike
Department Of Geology Rand Afrikaans University
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Hokada Tomokazu
National Inst. Of Polar Res.
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Hiroi Y
Department Of Earth Sciences Faculty Of Science Chiba University
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Hiroi Yoshikuni
Department Of Earth Sciences Chiba University
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Shiraishi Kazuyuki
Department Of Crustal Studies National Institute Of Polar Research
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志村 俊昭
新潟大学理学部地質科学科
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