Explosive activities of haruna volcano and their impacts on human life in the sixth century a.d.
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概要
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Explosive activities with VEIs of 5 happened twice in the 6th century A.D. from Haruna volcano, central Japan. Their impacts were large enough to cause strong damage in the area. which is reconstructed by a study of volcanology combined with archeology. The first eruption occurred in the beginning of the 6th century, and was characterized by a repetition of phreatomagmatic eruptions forming fine ash fall and block and ash flow deposits. An observation at archeological sites suggests that three kinds of volcanic hazards impacted human life and their environment: fallout of phreatomagmatic ash that devastated cultivated land. block and ash flows that blew down and burned houses, and lahar that buried cultivated land. The second eruption occurred in the middle of the 6th century. This event mainly consists of pumice-falls from plinian eruptions with alternation of pyroclastic flows and falls, and phreatomagmatic ash falls in the later stage. The deposition of pumice-falls and subsequent outwash of lahars damaged the villages and cultivated land. An ancient farm village was restored by archeological excavations. Through these studies, it was clarified that not only a burial beneath thick tephra fallout but also a destruction caused by even thin pyroclastic flow made heavy impacts on human life, and possibly human society. Secondary disasters caused by outwash lahars devastated extensively for a long period.
- 首都大学東京の論文