ポリマーのグラフト化によるナノカーボンの機能化

概要

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Recent advances in surface grafting of polymers onto nanocarbons, such as carbon black, carbon nanotube and nanofibers, carbon microcoil, nano-diamond, and C60 fullerene, are reviewed. The grafting of polymers onto these surfaces was achieved by (1) “grafting onto” method, (2) “grafting from” method, (3) “polymer reaction” method, and (4) “stepwise growth” method by dendrimer synthesis methodology. For the grafting of polymers, surface functional groups, such as carboxyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups was used as grafting sites. These functional groups were converted into various initiating groups and surface initiated graft polymerization was achieved. The graphene sheet (polycondensed aromatic rings) of nanocarbons was used as grafting sites by using ligand-exchange reaction with polymers containing ferrocene moieties. The radical trapping activity of nanocarbon surfaces was also used for the grafting of polymers. Dispersibility in solvents for good solvents of grafted polymer was remarkably improved by the surface grafting of polymers onto nanocarbon surfaces. Other properties of polymer-grafted nanocarbons are also reviewed.
2009-06-15