ウニ配偶子に存在するポリシアル酸の構造と受精における機能
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概要
- 論文の詳細を見る
ポリシアル酸 (polySia) はシアル酸 (Sia) の重合体で、構成Sia分子種の種類および内部Sia残基の結合様式の違いによって多様な構造を呈する。神経細胞接着分子 (NCAM) 上のα2,8結合polySia構造についての研究が最も盛んに行われており、polySiaは脊椎動物脳の発生や分化に関わる細胞間相互作用の調節因子として認識されている。しかしNCAM上のα2,8結合polySia以外のpolySia構造についてはその存在、機能ともによく分かっていない。近年polySiaを微量検出する方法が開発され、従来考えられていた以上に数多くのpolySia構造が存在することが明らかにされている。とくに、ウニ配偶子は、最近の我々の研究成果から、多様なpolySia構造の宝庫であることが明らかにされている。まず、ウニ卵ゼリーにはα2,5Oglycolyl結合polySia構造をもつ糖タンパク質が見いだされており、近年、この構造が精子に結合して精子細胞内pHを上昇させて精子先体反応を促進することが示された。ごく最近では、polySiaの微量検出法を駆使して、ウニ精子上からはα2,9およびα2,8結合polySiaの存在が明らかにされた。これは、同一細胞上に2つの異なった種類のpolySia構造の存在を示した最初の例である。α2,9結合polySiaをもつタンパク質は、ウニ精子鞭毛に存在する主要Sia含有糖タンパク質flagellasialinである。flagellasialin上のα2,9結合polySiaは、精子細胞内Ca2+濃度および精子運動性の制御に関わると考えられる。すなわち、これらのpolySiaの機能として、細胞間相互作用を制御するというNCAM上のpolySiaの機能とは異なる新機能をもつものと考えられる。この総説ではウニ配偶子上から新たに見つかったpolySiaの構造、機能について最近の知見を述べる。
- 2007-03-02
著者
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Kitajima Ken
Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University
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Maekawa Shohei
Department Of Applied Biology Kyoto Institute Of Technology
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Kitajima Ken
Bioscience And Biotechnology Center And Graduate School Of Bioagricultural Sciences Nagoya Universit
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Sato Chihiro
Bioscience And Biotechnology Center And Graduate School Of Bioagricultural Sciences Nagoya Universit
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Miyata Shinji
Bioscience And Biotechnology Center And Graduate School Of Bioagricultural Sciences Nagoya Universit
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Kitajima K
Bioscience And Biotechnology Center And Graduate School Of Bioagricultural Sciences Nagoya Universit
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Kitajima K
Laboratory Of Animal Cell Function Bioscience And Biotechnology Center Nagoya University
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Miyata S
Kyoto Inst. Technol. Kyoto
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Sato C
Bioscience And Biotechnology Center And Graduate School Of Bioagricultural Sciences Nagoya Universit
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Sato Chihiro
Bioscience And Biotechnology Center Graduate School Of Bioagricultural Sciences Nagoya University
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Miyata Shigeru
Bioscience And Biotechnology Center And Graduate School Of Bioagricultural Sciences Nagoya Universit
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Miyata S
Graduate School Of Bioagricultural Sciences Nagoya University:bioscience And Biotechnology Center Na
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Kitajima Ken
Bioscience and Biotechnology center, Global COE systems biology, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University
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