ソーシンブレード総義歯の挙動ならびに床下粘膜の圧負担について

概要

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The area of mucosal membrane available to receive the occlusal load from complete dentures is much smaller when compared to the corresponding areas of support available for natural dentitions. Watt, D. M. (1961) has calculated the mean area of denture basal seat to be 22.96 cm^2 in the edentulous maxilla and 12.25 cm^2 in the edentulous mandible. The sum total area of periodontal membrane of natural teeth is approximately 45 cm^2 in each jaw-as much as about twice and four times the average area of the basal seat of each complete denture respectively. The solution to this problem has been explained by Sosin. He reasons that the only way to regain the lost function is to reduce the occlusal area by the same amount and also make certain that the maximum basal support is utilized. On the basis of such an intention, so-called Sosin's tooth with two metal blades on an occlusal table has been devised. However, excellent objective evaluations of this tooth are not yet obtained sufficiently, although most subjective evaluations have indicated that the tooth has greater masticatory efficiency than a natural tooth form. The present research deals with the measurement of the transmitted load and the displacement on complete dentures with Sosin's teeth by utilizing the same method as described by Yamaguchi, H, and its comparison with already reported results of cuspless teeth (refer to 0°), anatomical teeth (refer to 30°), and Levin's lingual bladed teeth. The results could be summarized as follows : 1. In clenching without food, the transmitted load of the denture with Sosin's bladed teeth was distributed evenly on the mucosa beneath the denture base and the lateral displacement was minimized as well as the denture with Levin's lingual bladed teeth and others, when the occlusal balancing contacts had been given with perticular attention. 2. In biting a piece of soft food or boiled fish paste and a piece of medium soft food or raw potato, no differences could be detected in the behavior of the denture among the Sosin's teeth and Levin's (and 0°, 30°) teeth ; however, a little load was transmitted to the mucosa beneath the denture base with Sosin's teeth compared with Levin's and other teeth on the working side. 3. In biting a piece of hard and brittle pseudofood made of carnauba wax and barium sulfate, the transmitted load was reduced significantly with Sosin's teeth as compared to Levin's (and 0°, 30°) teeth, but the lateral displacement of the denture with Sosin's teeth was largest among the teeth employed in a series of the experiment. When rearranging the above results, it could be concluded that Sosin's teeth might be excellent in particular for such a type of patient as exhibits an inferior denture foundation, combined with a lowered resistance of these structures to stress.
九州歯科学会の論文
1995-02-25

著者

多々隈博
九州歯科大学歯科補綴学第1講座

ソーシンブレード総義歯の挙動ならびに床下粘膜の圧負担について

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