Observed Properties of Exoplanets : Masses, Orbits, and Metallicities(Origins : From Early Universe to Extrasolar Planets)

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概要

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• We review the observed properties of exoplanets found by the Doppler technique that has revealed 152 planets to date. We focus on the ongoing 18-year survey of 1330 FGKM type stars at Lick, Keck, and the Anglo-Australian Telescopes that offers both uniform Doppler precision (3m s^<-1>) and long duration. The 104 planets detected in this survey have minimum masses (M sin i) as low as 6 M_<Earth>, orbiting between 0.02 and 6 AU. The core-accretion model of planet formation is supported by four observations: 1) The mass distribution rises toward the lowest detectable masses, dN/dM ∝ M^<-1.0>. 2) Stellar metallicity correlates strongly with the presence of planets. 3) One planet (1.3 M_<Sat>) has a massive rocky core, M_<Core>≈70 M_<Earth>. 4) A super-Earth of〜7 M_<Earth> has been discovered. The distribution of semi-major axes rises from 0.3-3.0 AU (dN/dlog a) and extrapolation suggests that 〜12% of the FGK stars harbor gas-giant exoplanets within 20 AU. The median orbital eccentricity is <e>=0.25, and even planets beyond 3 AU reside in eccentric orbits, suggesting that the circular orbits in our Solar System are unusual. The occurrence "hot Jupiters" within 0.1 AU of FGK stars is 1.2±0.2%. Among stars with one planet, 14% have at least one additional planet, occasionally locked in resonances. Kepler and COROT will measure the occurrence of earth-sized planets. The Space Interferometry Mission (SIM) will detect planets with masses as low as 3 M_<Earth> orbiting within 2 AU of stars within 10 pc, and it will measure masses, orbits, and multiplicity. The candidate rocky planets will be amenable to follow-up spectroscopy by the "Terrestrial Planet Finder" and Darwin.

• 2005-07-30

著者

• MARCY Geoffrey

  Astronomy Department, University of California

• BUTLER R.

  Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institution of Washington

• FISCHER Debra

  Department of Physics and Astronomy, San Francisco State University

• VOGT Steven

  UCO-Lick Observatory, University of California at Santa Cruz

• WRIGHT Jason

  Astronomy Department, University of California

• TINNEY Chris

  Anglo-Australian Observatory

• JONES Hugh

  Centre for Astrophysics Research, University of Hertfordshire

• Jones Hugh

  Centre For Astrophysics Research University Of Hertfordshire

• Vogt Steven

  Uco-lick Observatory University Of California At Santa Cruz

• Wright Jason

  Astronomy Department University Of California

• Fischer Debra

  Department Of Physics And Astronomy San Francisco State University

• Marcy Geoffrey

  Astronomy Department University Of California

• Butler R.

  Department Of Terrestrial Magnetism Carnegie Institution Of Washington

関連論文

• Observed Properties of Exoplanets : Masses, Orbits, and Metallicities(Origins : From Early Universe to Extrasolar Planets)
• Observed Properties of Exoplanets : Masses, Orbits, and Metallicities(Origins : From Early Universe to Extrasolar Planets)

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