Assessing the roles of presynaptic ryanodine receptors and adenosine receptors in caffeine-induced enhancement of hippocampal mossy fiber transmission

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Caffeine robustly enhances transmitter release from the hippocampal mossy fiber terminals, although it remains uncertain whether calcium mobilization through presynaptic ryanodine receptors mediates this enhancement. In this study, we adopted a selective adenosine A1 blocker to assess relative contribution of A1 receptors and ryanodine receptors in caffeine-induced synaptic enhancement. Application of caffeine further enhanced transmission at the hippocampal mossy fiber synapse even after full blockade of adenosine A1 receptors. This result suggests that caffeine enhances mossy fiber synaptic transmission by two distinct presynaptic mechanisms, i.e., removal of A1 receptor-mediated tonic inhibition and ryanodine receptor-mediated calcium release from intracellular stores.