Clinical significance of Galectin-3 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma

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Overexpression of galectin-3 in a variety of cancer cell lines has been shownto correlate with tumor progression and metastasis. In this study, we investigated theexpression of galectin-3 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CC-RCC) and evaluated therelationship between galectin-3 expression levels and the clinicopathological featuresof CC-RCC. Expression of galectin-3 in the kidney cancer cell lines Caki-1, Caki-2, A704,ACHN and KPK-1 were evaluated using western blot analysis, while galectin-3 expressionin CC-RCC tissues and normal parenchyma were measured by real-time PCR andimmunohistochemistry. We found that galectin-3 was overexpressed in the Caki-1, Caki-2, A704, ACHN and KPK-1 cell lines and that the expression level in CC-RCC was alsosignificantly higher than that in renal parenchyma obtained from the same patient samples(p=0.039). Galectin-3 expression in CC-RCC with distant metastasis was also significantlyhigher than that in CC-RCC without distant metastasis (p=0.045). In conclusion,we revealed that galectin-3 is highly expressed in CC-RCC, especially in CC-RCCwith distant metastasis, suggesting that galectin-3 may serve as a novel target moleculefor predicting CC-RCC metastasis.