<国立科博専報>北日本産リュウキンカ属植物の染色体数と地理的分布

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1. Three taxa of Caltha (Ranunculaceae) in Japan were cytologically examined. The following chromosome numbers were found : C. fistulosa Schipcz., 2n=32 and 2n=60; C. palustris L. var. enkoso Hara, 2n=60 and 2n=88; C. palustris L. var. nipponica Hara 2n=60 and 2n=88. Counts of 2n=60 and 2n=88 for C. palustris var. nipponica have here been reported for the first time. 2. Some irregularities in the meiotic division were observed in plants of Caltha fistulosa with 2n=32 and 2n=60,and in those of C. palustris var. enkoso with 2n=60. At diakinesis and metaphase I, chromosome rings or chains which are suggestive of reciprocal translocations were often found. 3. The two cytotypes of Caltha fistulosa were deviated in geographical distribution. The 2n=32 plants were widespread extending from the northern part of Hokkaido to Aomori Pref., while the 2n=60 plants were restrictedly located in north-central Hokkaido and a part of southwestern Hokkaido (Fig. 1). 4. The two cytotypes of Caltha palustris were different in range. The 2n=60 plants were widely distributed in Hokkaido, while the 2n=88 plants were confined to Aomori Pref., which is separated from Hokkaido by the Straist of Tsugaru (Fig. 2). 5. Anatomical examinations showed that Caltha fistulosa is different from C. palustris in the features appearing in cross sections of petioles (Fig. 4). These two species were also different in the season in which meiotic divisions are initiated; middle January to early February in C. fistulosa, and March in C. Palustris. The latter difference might reflect different histories of the two species regarding their invasions to Japan.
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<国立科博専報>北日本産リュウキンカ属植物の染色体数と地理的分布

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