Femtosecond Laser Processing of Agarose Gel Surrounding Protein Crystals for Development of an Automated Crystal Capturing System
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概要
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Protein crystals must be captured to be mounted onto the goniometer head of X-ray diffraction equipment for structural analysis. However, this capturing operation has to be performed manually under microscopic observation. Crystallographers often face problems with this operation because protein crystals are very soft and fragile. Here, we crystallized elastase, thaumatin, glucose isomerase, and lysozyme in 2.0% (w/v) agarose gels and applied a femtosecond laser to process the agarose gel surrounding the protein crystals. A software-based operation system was established to enable automated laser processing. This new approach allows high-speed, high-precision, and reproducible processing of the gel without unsealing the crystallization trays. The processed gel containing crystals could be captured using a nylon loop without difficulty, followed by mounting the crystal onto the goniometer head of the X-ray diffraction equipment. X-ray diffraction analysis of such crystals suggested that the processed agarose gel with a thickness of approximately ${<}0.2$ mm has little effect on the background X-ray scattering. Furthermore, the effect of laser irradiation was investigated by X-ray diffraction and subsequent structural analyses, which demonstrated that the quality of the diffraction data and obtained electron density was essentially the same as that obtained before laser irradiation. On the other hand, the manually processed gel-grown crystals gave higher values on the background X-ray scattering. These comparative experimental results show clear advantages of our laser processing system. This approach leads to the possibility that protein crystals can be captured reproducibly without affecting any later crystallographic analysis, thereby providing an automated system for crystal capture.
- 2009-10-25
著者
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Sugiyama Shigeru
Graduate School Of Engineering Osaka University
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Takano Kazufumi
Graduate School Of Engineering Osaka University:sosho Inc.:crest Jst
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Kitatani Tomoya
Graduate School Of Engineering Osaka University
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Adachi Hiroaki
Graduate School Of Engineering Osaka University:sosho Inc.:crest Jst
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Hirose Mika
Graduate School Of Engineering Osaka University
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Inoue Tsuyoshi
Graduate School Of Biostudies Kyoto University
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Matsumura Hiroyoshi
Graduate School Of Engineering Osaka University
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Mori Yusuke
Graduate School Of Bionics Tokyo University Of Technology
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Shimizu Noriko
Graduate School Of Engineering Osaka University
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Takahashi Yoshinori
Graduate School And Faculty Of Science Himeji Institute Of Technology
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Kitatani Tomoya
Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Hasenaka Hitoshi
Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Murakami Satoshi
SOSHO Inc., Osaka 541-0053, Japan
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Sugiyama Shigeru
Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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