Movements of zoospores of Phytophthora capsici:IV. Taxises to plant roots and capillary tubes containing plant extracts

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Tactic aggregations of zoospores of Phytophthora capsici Leon. towards the roots of seedlings or germinated seeds observed on many species of plants, both hosts (eggplant, green pepper, tomato, cucumber, and turnip) and nonhosts (carrot, sesame, Welsh onion, wheat, rice, oat, garland, and Yaenari bean) of the pathogen. It appeared that there was little relationship between taxis of zoospores towards the plant roots and host specificity. When glass capillary tubes (diam. 200-400μ) containing plant extracts, with or without 1% agar, were introduced into the small glass chamber filled with zoospore suspension, zoospores began to aggregate and formed typical clusters at the tips of the tubes. The activities of extracts for taxis remained after heat treatments of about 130°C for 1 hour. The active components were dialyzable through cellulose membrane tube. There seemed to exist one or more tactic attractants which were heat stable and small molecular substances. On the other hand, small agar blocks or filter-paper strips containing the plant extracts showed little or no tactic phenomena. Furthermore, concentrated exudates of plant seedlings (wheat, eggplant, and tomato) possessed no tactic activities. These results contradicted the existence of tactic substances. An interesting observation with dark field microscopy showed that a convection current, efflux of extract and influx of water, occured at the tip of the capillary tube containing each of the plant extracts in the small glass chamber. The tactic aggregation of zoospores at the tip of the tube might be partially explained as the result of a combination of this convection current and rheotaxis of zoospores reported previously.
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Movements of zoospores of <I>Phytophthora capsici</I>:IV. Taxises to plant roots and capillary tubes containing plant extracts

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