Ecology and control of spotted wilt disease of tomato in Nara Prefecture
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This paper deals with the results of field experiments on the occurrence of spotted wilt disease caused by tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) and its vector thrips, <I>Thrips setosus</I> MOULTON, together with the results of field trials to control the disease by insecticides.<BR>The disease was often found to occur at Gojo and Uda in Nara Prefecture. Nearby the tomato fields, in which the prevalent occurrence of the disease was observed, naturally grown <I>Sonchus oleraceus</I>, L. and <I>Crepis japonica</I> BENTH. with necrotic symptoms or the dahlia fields infested with TSWV was commonly found at Gojo or Uda, respectively.<BR><I>Thrips setosus</I> was found commonly in tomato fields and accumulated heavily on the edge of the fields till mid-June, and then gradually spread downwind into the fields.<BR>The peak of the thrips population was usually found during mid-June-late June in the tomato fields. The occurrence of the thrips decreased remarkably by heavy rain during late June-early July, especially in 1978. But the occurrence of the thrips increased again from early July, especially in 1977 which it was a rainless season.<BR>The earliest occurrence of the disease was usually found on the edge of the field in early June, and then the number of infected tomato plants tended rapidly to increase around the earliest infected tomatoes during July. Thus, the incidence of the disease was closely correlated with the population of the thrips on tomatoes during July.<BR>Application of Acephate (Orthoran), an organic insecticide, to the soil or on the foliage, especially after mid-June, was found effective to decrease the occurrence and spread of the disease.
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