Surface Microflora and Antimicrobial Components from the Leaves of Eucalyptus gunnii:Studies on the antimicrobial substances (2)

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As there are almost no microorganisms found on the leaves of Eucalyptus gunnii, experiments were carried out to separate several fractions from the leaves by organic solvents and to bioassay them in the expectation of finding antimicrobial substances in the leaves. Microorganisms used in the assaying tests were Cochliobolus miyabeanus (S. Ito et Kuribayashi) Drechsler for antifungal substances, Bacillus subtilis (Ehrenberg) Cohn for antibacterial substances, and TMV-N strain for TMV-inhibiting substances. Antifungal activities were observed in the benzene, n-butanol, water, and ethyl acetate (acidic, basic and neutral) fractions and in the residue of the ethyl acetate fractions. Ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water fractions had antibacterial activity. Inhibition of TMV multiplication was observed in the basic ethyl acetate and water fractions. In the ethyl acetate fraction, three crystalline substances were isolated as antimicrobial substances. One of them was identified as gallic acid by NMR, IR, UV, MS, and other techniques, but the identity of the others has not yet been determined.
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