The functional significance of the error-related negativity in action monitoring
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概要
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A growing area of research within psychophysiology concerns the error-related negativity (ERN), an eventrelated potential component that was first observed independently by the Illinois and the Dortmund groups about fifteen years ago. Since then, evidence has accumulated that the ERN represents action monitoring processes executed presumably by the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). In this review paper, we discuss the functional significance of the processes reflected by the ERN in action monitoring. We first introduce fundamental aspects of the ERN, including its morphological characteristics, the tasks in which it has been observed, models of its neural generator, findings concerning the involvement of attention, and the relation between the ERN and the continuous vs. discrete nature of error. We discuss the ERN elicited by external feedback signals in light of its independence of motor responses and its relationship to negative affect. We focus on the error-vs. conflict-detection contro-versy, discussing recent reports addressing this issue. Because proponents of the error-detection and the conflictdetection theories have each reported convincing findings in support of their views, the controversy is not yet settled. We suggest that one reason for the difficulty in resolving the controversy is that theories and models have not specified in sufficient detail how error-detection and conflict-detection are conceptually distinct. In the final part of this paper, we introduce latest findings of the ERN and speculate on future research in this area. (<I>Japanese Journal of Physiological Psychology and Psychophysiology</I>, 22 (1) : 3-18, 2004.)
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Japanese Society for Physiological Psychology and Psychophysiology | 論文
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