生物多様性と地図 種数情報を用いた生物多様性の保全上重要な地域の抽出
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概要
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We aimed to assess the spatial distribution of biodiversity on a regional scale and proposed a method for extracting important areas for conservation of diversity of bird species by using previously recorded information about distribution. The areas targeted in this study were the Ishikari lowlands, Hokkaido, and the surrounding areas (6,800km<SUP>2</SUP>); the data of birds (approximately 75,000 items) obtained in these areas were used. The unit of analysis was set to 5-km mesh. The following 3 indices were calculated to facilitate extraction of important areas from the perspective of biodiversity conservation; 10% of the top mesh was regarded as important areas. The first index is the total number of recorded species, as normalized for each environment type. The second index is the abundance of valuable species. The third index is the number of potential species inferred from the relationship between the area of each landscape factor (5 habitats: forest, grassland, urban, river and lake, and coast) and the number of species recorded. Analysis of component ratios of landscape factors in these important areas revealed that diversity of birds tended to be higher in areas with plural landscape factors than in those with a dominant landscape factor. Subsequently, gap analysis for important areas and conservation areas revealed that approximately 70% of the important areas are designated as protected areas for the total number of recorded species and for the number of valuable species, whereas 33% are designated as protected areas for the number of potential species. The higher percentage of the former type of protected areas indicates that the conservation area was established on the basis of previous information. The lower percentage of the latter type of protected areas indicates that investigation of conservation in these areas is needed in the future. We found that important areas for the total number of recorded species and those for the valuable species nearly overlapped, and this finding suggests that many valuable species inhabited the regions wherein the diversity of birds was high. Three important regions in the Nopporo Forest Park and Lake Utonai were found to overlap; these 3 areas are the most important areas in this region. The findings show that the method proposed in this study for extracting important regions based on the relation between the previously recorded information and landscape factors is of practical value. Moreover, the results suggest that this method can contribute to assessment of wider areas for biodiversity conservation.
- 日本国際地図学会の論文
日本国際地図学会 | 論文
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