新しい埋め込み型聴覚補助機器の開発

概要

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A novel therapeutic method for sensorineural hearing loss using a newly-invented auditory device is explored. This new auditory device is designed to be implanted into the cochlea, converting the vibratory movements of the basilar membrane to electrical signals, and stimulate spiral ganglion neurons by a piezoelectric effect. Two prototype models, different in size, have been fabricated to examine the theoretical validity of the novel device. A primary prototype device, 3 cm in length, was manufactured to examine the response of a piezoelectric sheet to sound vibration. It was demonstrated that a trapezoid-shaped piezoelectric sheet was able to generate electrical signals in response to sound vibration with frequency characteristics, and to stimulate spiral ganglion neurons using the generated signals in a guinea pig. A secondary prototype device, an implantable device 1 mm in length, was made to test the possibility of sound vibration, applied from the external auditory canal of a guinea pig, to be transmitted to a piezoelectric sheet inserted into the cochlea via the ossicular chain and the basilar membrane. Using a laser Doppler vibrometer, vibration of the piezoelectric membrane was detected when sound was applied through the external auditory canal. These results indicate that the new auditory device, mimicking the function of cochlear hair cells, is a promising tool for restoration of the auditory function.
耳鼻咽喉科臨床学会の論文