Coupled Measurements of Sediment-surface-level and Electrical Conductivity in Water by Time Domain Reflectometry
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概要
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To achieve the simultaneous measurements of sediment-surface-level hsed from the rod tip of probe set through water and sediment layers and electrical conductivity in water σw based on time domain reflectometry (TDR), a coupled-measurement model was tested for the both measurements in laboratory. In the model, the level hsed was estimated by partial-range propagation method (PPM) or whole-range propagation method (WPM). PPM is based on travel time tw of microwave step-pulse through only water layer, whereas WPM on travel time tt through water and sediment layers. By applying the estimated hsed and electrical conductivity σt around the rod, which can be measured by TDR probe, to the model, we estimated σw. Experimental results under conditions of σw= 0.005–0.103 S m-1 showed that the estimation errors of hsed and σw in PPM maintained low, while those in WPM increased with higher σw. As σt or the rod length increased, the electrical energy loss during propagating would expand. Therefore, the error of tt augmented with the loss, as well as low sensitivity of tt to the hsed-variation, could have induced the inaccuracy in WPM. Moreover, the maximum rod length Lmax, less than which we can measure hsed and σw under some σw-condition, was analyzed based on the energy loss theory. The result suggested that we can assume Lmax is approximately 4 m when measuring in typical river, in Japan, having σw= 0.013 S m-1.
- 公益社団法人 農業農村工学会の論文
公益社団法人 農業農村工学会 | 論文
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