Development of a monitoring method for coral health using visible and near infrared images
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概要
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Rapid degradation of coral reefs is a key issue of global concern. Monitoring coral health has been conducted based on observations by divers in various areas. In order to provide a simple instrument to those divers for monitoring coral health, we developed a remote-sensing-based monitoring method that could detect concentrations of symbiotic algae in coral colonies. The spectral reflectance of partly bleached coral colonies were measured <I>in situ</I> by a fiber spectrometer. The normalized difference vegetation index for coral (<I>NDVIc</I>) and the normalized difference coral index (<I>NDCI</I>) were calculated based on the reflectance at red/infrared and blue/infrared wavelength regions, respectively, from various part of colonies. Photosynthetic capacity, measured by the pulse amplitude fluorometer (Diving-PAM) showed a good correlation with <I>NDVIc</I> and <I>NDCI.</I> Then, by using a commercially available digital camera, which can take both visible and near infrared images, <I>NDVIc</I> and <I>NDCI</I> pseudo color images were visualized from the images obtained with appropriate optical filters. <I>NDCI</I> was proved better to be used for checking the degree of health in coral colonies in deeper water due to the high spectral sensitivity at the blue region of the camera.
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