Feasibility of Noninvasive Magnetic Resonance Temperature Imaging of Fat and Water Based on Methylene Proton Spin-lattice Relaxation Time and Water Proton Resonance Frequency
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概要
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A noninvasive magnetic resonance temperature imaging technique for fat-water mixed tissues was proposed. This technique uses the temperature dependence of the spin-lattice relaxation time (<I>T</I>1) of protons originated from methylene chain (CH2) of fat as well as the resonance frequency shift of water proton (H2O). A multiple point Dixon method in conjunction with a multiple flip angle method enables simultaneous calculation of <I>T</I>1 of CH2 and the resonance frequency change of H2O. A phantom with two mayonnaise tubes, one heated by microwave while the other kept at room temperature was imaged at 3 Tesla during the cooling process by a spoiled gradient recalled acquisition in steady state (SPGR) of the following conditions ; field of view, 32×32 cm2 ; matrix, 64×64 ; parallel imaging factor, 2 ; repetition time, 36 ms ; echo time spacing, 1.15 ms ; and flip angles, 20, 50 and 70 degrees. Signals obtained with each flip angle were processed by IDEAL (Iterative Decomposition of water and fat with Echo Asymmetry and Least squares estimation) algorithm to obtain H2O, CH2 and CH3 images. The smaller components of fat were ignored for simplicity. Temperature distribution of fat in the phantom was imaged by <I>T</I>1 of CH2 obtained from the three CH2 images with different flip angles, while that of water with the change in the phase difference between H2O and CH2 or the relative phase change in H2O. Those temperature images were then fused as a weighted sum of H2O and CH2 fractions in each voxel. The resultant images highly correlated with the probe-measured temperature elevation demonstrating that simultaneous fat-water temperature imaging is feasible and is expected to be sufficient for clinical practice.
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