Polyphenols including catechin from green tea with in vitro antiviral activity exhibited anti-herpes simplex virus activity but not anti-influenza virus activity in mice
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Antiviral activity <I>in vitro</I> and therapeutic efficacy of polyphenols including catechin from green tea (<I>Camellia sinensis</I>) were evaluated in mice infected with herpes simplex virus (HSV) and influenza virus (IFV). The extract concentrations that inhibited plaque formation of HSV-1, HSV-2, and IFV by 50% were 29.24 ± 2.97, 22.19 ± 5.64, and 30.50 ± 2.40 μg/ml, respectively. Mice administered polyphenols (25 and 50 mg/kg/dose) intraperitoneally 1 h before and twice daily after virus inoculation exhibited significant delays in the development of herpetic skin lesions (<I>P</I><0.05), while oral administration of 50 mg/kg/dose or intraperitoneal administration of 5 mg/kg/dose of polyphenols twice daily failed to delay the development of skin lesions. These results demonstrated that polyphenols showed therapeutic anti-HSV activity after intraperitoneal administration but not oral administration in cutaneous HSV infection in mice. In contrast, polyphenols did not show significant therapeutic efficacy in IFV-infected mice in spite of anti-IFV activity <I>in vitro</I>. Although polyphenols from green tea have antiviral activity against HSV and IFV <I>in vitro</I>, antiviral activity was not absorbed orally, while intraperitoneal administration showed anti-HSV therapeutic activity but not anti-IFV activity in IFV-infected mice.
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