一流110 m ハードル走選手のハードリング動作に関するバイオメカニクス的分析：角運動量保存則からの検討
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概要
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the angular momentum characteristics of each limb during the airborne phase in sprint hurdlers. Twenty-nine world and Japanese top class 110-m hurdlers (height: 1.84±0.05 m, weight: 74.6±6.9 kg, race time: 13.77±0.45 s) participated. Motions at the 7th hurdle during official competitions were videotaped using two high-speed VTR cameras at 200, 250, or 300 Hz. The positions of 25 body landmarks and calibration marks in the projected images were digitized. We then calculated three-dimensional coordinates using a DLT method. The angular momentum of each segment in the global coordinate system was calculated using the method of Dapena (1978). The amount of change in the angular momentum of body groups during each phase, and the duration of each phase, were calculated together with the coefficients of correlation between the calculated values and average running velocity. The results are summarized as follows: (1) In the support phase for the take-off leg, faster hurdlers had a large whole-body angular momentum about the transverse and longitudinal axes. (2) In the first half of the airborne phase, faster hurdlers needed a large angular momentum for the lead-leg about the transverse axis in order to raise the leg, and therefore compensated for it with a large counter-direction of angular momentum for the trail-leg. (3) In the second half of the airborne phase in faster hurdlers, a shorter time was taken to swing the lead-leg, with corresponding adjustment by the head and trunk. However, if hurdlers overemphasized the downward motion of the lead-leg, excessive backward and right or left leaning of the trunk appeared to occur upon landing. Consequently, it is suggested that hurdlers need to change the downward motion of their lead-leg in accordance with their running velocity.
- Japan Society of Physical Education, Health and Sport Sciencesの論文
Japan Society of Physical Education, Health and Sport Sciences | 論文
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