塩田用塩化ビニルフイルムの研究 (第1報):市販塩ビフイルムの適性試験について
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The trial to apply PVC sheet on sloping salt field in place of sea clay has been carried on for seveval years, for the purpose of increasing yield of brine by defencing the leakage of flowing sea water. At present PVC sheet is used in practice at Hayashida Salt Field (Kagawa pref.), Kirayoshida (Aichi pref.) and others, not yet decided how long to be used.<BR>Part 1 "On Estimation of PVC Sheet for Salt Field in Laboratory and its Comparison with Practical Weathering Tast."<BR>As to 11 kinds PVC sheet which are in the market for miscellaneous articles, agriculture and salt field, were excecuted proofing tests against water and NaCl solution with various concentration in comparison with weatherometer test from a point of view for salt field. Durability of PVC sheet on salt field is to be attributed to the amount of migration of plasticizer and resistance of PVC resin itself agrainst weathering. The experimental results are as follows.<BR>(a) Amount of plasticizer migrated from sheet into liquid is different not only in each sample, but also by concentration of solution, and it is most in 3% NaCl solution corresponding to natural sea water for all samples.<BR>From the results of migration test, PVC sheet sample for salt field can be estimated by decrease of its weight after 30 to 50 days.<BR>(b) All of PVC sheet samples were more stable in concentrated brine.<BR>(c) Migration rate of plasticizer was accerated at higher temperature as in summer (30-40°C).<BR>(d) Effect of ultravioletray on migration of plasticizer was not appreciated.<BR>(e) Effect of contact material on the migration was different at each plasticizer, so that by selecting a suitable plasticizer, this influence would be avoided.<BR>(f) Modulus strength and elongation are more important for the estimation of durability of PVC sheet than tensile strength.<BR>(g) The limit of loss of plasticizer was about 15 wt.%. Destraction of PVC resin seems to become vigorous over this limit.<BR>(h) Shrinkage of PVC sheet is proportional to the amount of loss of plasticizer, and available limit of the loss is to be less than 7-8% in practice.
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