Study on Methods to Reduce Exhaust Gases from Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles in use.
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概要
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In Tokyo, air pollution due to exhaust gases from automobiles became a serious problem in the late 1980s. This was caused by an increase in the amount of emissions resulting from the rapid increase in diesel vehicles, which gained popularity after the 1973 oil crisis.<BR>Therefore, by considering heavy-duty diesel vehicles in use, we studied the emission characteristics and methods for their reduction. A legal test mode and an actual running mode were compared. Since the engine speed and engine load constantly change in the actual running condition, the effects of exhaust-gas regulation during the steady test mode were different from those in actual running condition. Therefore, we proposed that the regulation technique should be adapted to the actual running condition. We developed an on-board type measurement system, and conducted a running survey of the arterial road in Tokyo, and clarified the NOx emission mechanisms for each running modes (idling, acceleration, cruising and deceleration). For example, idling was a major contributor to emissions in congested traffic, while acceleration was a major contributor to emissions when driving on arterial roads. Then, we proposed "idle stop" as a methods to reduce air pollution which a user can grapple, and demonstrated a reduction in the amount of NOx emissions and fuel consumption. Next, we conducted research on a diesel particulate filter (DPF) for heavy-duty diesel vehicles in use and obtained the following results. When the type of vehicle and running conditions are specified, a retrofit DPF is effective in reducing not only PM but also HAPS.<BR>Although the air pollution situation in Tokyo is improving, non-regulated substances, such as PM 2.5 and HAPS are yet to be examined. Moreover, it is necessary to provide after-treatment equipment in future diesel vehicles. Therefore, for exhaust-pipe emissions, not only their regulation but also means for reducing health effects are required.
- 社団法人 大気環境学会の論文
社団法人 大気環境学会 | 論文
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