Electronmicroscopic Observations on Micro-Structures of Carbon Electrodes

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The electronmicroscopic observation was made on industrial carbon electrodes. The specimen pieces, cutted out from the cylindrical electrodes (cf. Fig. 1), were embedded in methyl metacrylate resin. The surface of the specimen was polished with emery paper and buffing, and etched with perchloric acid aqueous solution. Replicas were made successively with methylcellulose and ethylcellulose. The ethylcellulose replica was shadowed with chromium on its positive side, and then carbon was evapolated on it. After dissolving the ethylcellulose, the carbon film replica was used for the observation. This procedure gave the best result. Typical electronmicrographs are shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 7.<BR>Plate-like grains are observed in every specimens, whose size is about 2 microns average, probably they are clusters made of minute single crystals. The grains are aligned themselves with their planes in parallel with each other, and to the axis of the cylinder. Thus, the face-1 is more flat than the face-3.
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