"Glocalization" and the Transformation of the State:Reconstructing International Relations Theory
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How does economic globalization affect nation-states and international relations? This heated controversy has entered its third stage. The first stage was dominated by those studies that emphasized the uncontrollable world market forces and the inevitable decline of the state. Counterarguments soon emerged at the second stage, which asserted that globalization was just a myth and that the state had not become impotent but rather had expanded its roles. Today, at the third stage of the debate, the central issue is shifting from the decline-or-not type of question to a more nuanced one. Many studies today emphasize both the changes and continuities of the state. They see the state transforming itself, diminishing some parts of its functions and roles while maintaining or even increasing others, in order to adjust to the changing circumstances in an era of globalization. A major task at this stage is to specify which parts of the state are changing toward what directions, and why.This article offers a parsimonious theoretical model which explains how the state is now transforming itself in the realm of technology policy, pushed by technological globalization. Its main claims are threefold. First, the technology policy of major nations today is moving toward "neo-technonationalism" which is a hybrid of the old techno-nationalism and technoglobalism. Neo-techno-nationalism is a manifestation of how the state is currently adjusting itself strategically in order to promote technological innovation more efficiently, in an increasingly integrated and competitive world.Second, neo-techno-nationalism is rising because of the "glocalization"—the coevolution of globalization and localization—of technology. For a better understanding of state transformation, it is necessary to see the effects of both globalization (global diffusion of technology) and localization (local accumulation of technology). The two forces are dialectically changing the international political economic circumstances in which states are competing and cooperating with each other.Lastly, in constructing a theoretical model which connects the rise of neotechno-nationalism (the dependent variable) and the development of glocalization (the independent variable), we can specify which part of the state's roles in promoting innovation is shifting toward what direction and why. The model of this article advances a set of hypotheses that explain the logic and the direction of four general changes in the state's roles, showing how "glocalization" is working as a strong driving force for overall state transformation.
- 一般財団法人 日本国際政治学会の論文
一般財団法人 日本国際政治学会 | 論文
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