Introduction: International Politics in the Era of Detente:International Politics in the Era of Detente
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概要
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This issue of International Relations features the international history of the 1960s and 70s.These two decades may be characterized as the period in which the Cold War structure underwent a gradual and yet steady transformation, and it could also be argued that this period prepared for the final collapse of this structure.In discussing this "transformation, " we need to discern the continuing elements and changing elements in these decades. Hence constancy and change. First, what did not change? My answers are as follows: (1) throughout the Cold War period the United States had pursued a "containment" policy toward the Soviet Union. Even the "detente" of the early 1970s meant for the United States one form of containment; (2) the Soviet Union never abandoned, throughout the decades, the principle of "class struggle" in international politics. In Leonid Brezhnev's mind, "detente" never meant giving up support for "wars of national liberation"; (3) and yet, the United States and the Soviet Union were very careful not to get into a direct military confrontation, and the United States took extra care not to intervene in the Soviet "sphere of control" in Eastern Europe, as evidenced in its attitude toward the erection of the "Berlin Wall" or the Soviet invasion into Czechoslovakia.What changed, then? (1) There were gradual, discernible changes taking place in Europe in the 1960s and 70s, in the form of economic and cultural exchanges or "independent" diplomacy or economic policy of certain East European countries; (2) while some degree of stability was established in Europe, the theater of the Cold War moved to the Third World where "proxy wars" were often fought, sometimes involving China too. It is extremely difficult, however, to explain how these changes contributed, if at all, to the disintegration of the Cold War structure; (3) during the period the power of the two "superpowers" declined relatively, thus creating the "diffusion of power" inworld politics.
- 一般財団法人 日本国際政治学会の論文
一般財団法人 日本国際政治学会 | 論文
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