天然ダム決壊の模型実験

概要

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A landslide dam can be formed by a landslide, a large-scale collapse, or a debris flow. A landslide dam can block a river, and during its collapse, the resulting debris flow and flood can cause disasters such as flooding in the downstream region. We therefore conducted this study within the context of crisis management. Sabo facilities were set up ahead of time in areas where landslide dams were likely to form, and after its formation, it was treated as an emergency ; i.e., in addition to the debris flow, the landslide dam itself was considered an object of the sabo plan. Thus, this study was able to confirm the possibility of using a model experiment to plan sabo facilities intended for a landslide dam. The model used in this study incorporated landslide dams with greater heights than in past experiments. We used a rectangular channel to conduct basic experiments on river dam collapses caused by overflow, and obtained the following results. We confirmed that landslide dam crown length and slope angle influenced peak discharge during collapse. We were able to reproduce the peak discharge when a landslide dam collapsed under identical conditions. Differences in sand size did not affect landslide dam peak discharge during collapse. The results indicate that the experiments could be used to verify the effects of sabo facilities on landslide dams.
社団法人砂防学会の論文