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The arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism of leukocytes as well as platelets was studied in 5 patients with myeloproliferative disorders. When the leukocyte preparations from normal controls, whose polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMNN) purity was more than 90%, were incubated with AA and A23187, the distinct peaks of leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs) were constantly detected using reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography. However, we found the lack of LTB4 synthesis as well as the deficient production of 5-HETE in two patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Although the PMNN purity of their leukocyte preparations was 55% and 56%, it was likely that such an abnormality of CML leukocytes was derived from the 5-lipoxygenase deficiency of patient's PMNNs, because the formation of 5-lipoxygenase metabolites was observed in experiments with normal PMNNs mixed with CML leukocytes and leukocytes of the CML patient had good response to A23187. Platelet lipoxygenase deficiencies were found in one patient with CML and one with polycythemia vera (PV). Thrombin-induced malondialdehyde formation by their platelets was increased. On the other hand, the 5-lipoxygenase deficiency of PMNN was found neither in two patients with PV nor in one with essential thrombocythemia.
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