Characterization of Eluted Proteins from Hair Fiber under Permanent Waving or Bleaching.

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Protein is the most abundant component (65-95%) of hair, and has been targeted as an important subject for hair science research. Chemical treatments, such as permanent waving or bleaching, are widely known to be a major cause of hair damage. However, the constituent proteins in the effluent from these treatments have not been characterized in detail. In this study, we performed Tricine-SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for detailed analyses of the proteins eluted under various chemical treatment conditions. Effluents from permanent waving or bleaching showed similar electrophoretic profiles, and both types contained a major protein band of approximately 7kDa. Through immunoblot analyses, this protein band was identified as ubiquitin, a ubiquitously distributed protein that mediates non-lysosomal protein degradation in eukaryotic cells. Comparative analyses of the ubiquitin-signal-intensities revealed that natural hair extracts derived from distal parts contained a lower ubiquitin content than those from proximal parts. These results suggested that ubiquitin was released during the course of natural occurring hair damage. Therefore, we speculated that the major components lost from hair were likely to be soluble proteins that were neither keratin intermediate filament proteins nor keratin associated proteins.
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