Case report: Cytological and immunocytochemical study of carcinosarcoma of the uterine corpus.

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Carcinosarcoma of the uterine corpus is a rare malignant tumor. The cytological diagnosis of this tumor is difficult because of an admixture of carcinoma and sarcoma containing homologous undifferentiated elements. Furthermore, only a few cytological examinations have been reported in detail. In this report we describe the cytomorphological and immunocytochemical aspects of this tumor. 1) Cytology of imprint smears. Two kinds of malignant cells were detected : carcinoma cells and sarcoma cells. Carcinoma cells had basal nuclei and tended to form gland-like patterns resembling adenocarcinoma. The sarcoma cells were uniformly small and round. Many single sarcoma cells were scattered and/or formed loose clusters throughout the imprint smears. Therefore, we diagnosed these cells as endometrial stromal sarcoma. Undifferentiated cells were also seen, and it was hard to tell whether they were carcinoma or sarcoma cells. 2) Immunocytochemical examinations. Carcinoma cells were positive with anti EMA antibody staining. Sarcoma cells were negative with antibodies to myoglobin, S-100 protein, cytokeratin, α-1-antitrypsin, vimentin, and desmin. Thus, no heterologous elements were present. These results indicate that immunocytochemical examinations are very valuable in the diagnosis of carcinosarcoma.
近畿産科婦人科学会の論文