An Electroencephalographic Study on Severely Handicapped Children

概要

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For the purpose of elucidating the pathophysiology of severely handicapped children and of offering some clues to the adequate medical measures, we studied EEGs of 127 severely handicapped children, and obtained the results as follows.<BR>1) Every case in this study showed EEG abnormalities. Diffuse low voltage dysrhythmia (40.1%) and diffuse slow wave dysrhythmia (37.8%) were the most frequent abnormalities in the basic pattern. However, the asymmetry of the focal abnormality was seen in only 5.5% of all cases.<BR>2) The epileptic discharge was noted in 94.4% of the cases with clinical epilepsy and in 61.6% of those without clinical epilepsy. The epileptic focus was localized most often in the occipital region (24.0%), whereas only 5.2% of epileptic cases presented the focus in the temporal region which is seen more often in epileptic children in general. It was also shown that the many cases reveal diffuse cortical projection from the subcortical foci.<BR>3) As for the types of clinical seizures, grand mal was the most frequent (44.4%), and next the Lennox syndrome (20.4%).<BR>4) These characteristic findings in EEG indicate that not only the extensive lesion of the cerebral cortex but also the lesions of the subcortical structures, especially the diencephalon and of the brainstem, play a significant role in the pathophysiological mechanism of severe psychoneurological disturbances.
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