Efficacy of Rectal Diazepam Suppository in the Prophylaxis of Febrile Seizures: Comparison with Rectal Chloral Hydrate Suppository.

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We evaluated the efficacy of diazepam and chloral hydrate given rectally for the prophylaxis of recur-rence of febrile seizure. The dose were 0.4 mg/ kg for diazepam and 250 mg (for children younger than 3 years old) or 500 mg (for over 3 years old) for chloral hydrate. Another dose was given after an interval of 8 hours if body temperature continued to exceed 38.0°C. Among the 452 patients with febrile seizures who visited our hospital from Jan. 1993 to Jun. 1995, 113 were studied who had at least one febrile episode in the follow-up period that extended over 6 months.<BR>These patients were divided into two groups: Group D (72 patients given diazepam) and Group C (41 patients given chloral hydrate). In group D and C, the numbers of febrile episodes were 238 and 167, and those of recurrent seizures 8 (3.8%) and 29 (20.4%), respectively. The recurrences rate was significantly higher in the latter group (p<0.005). There was no statistical difference as to the mean dosage of diazepam or chloral hydrate between the patients with and without recurrence. The numbers of patients with seizure recurrence were 8 (11.1%) in group D and 12 (29.3%) in group C, being significantly larger in the latter (p<0.005). Diazepam produced more adverse effects than chloral hydrate did.<BR>Thus diazepam suppositories for the prevention of recurrence of febrile seizures were more effective than chloral hydrate suppositories.
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