生育中にガンマ線照射を受けたクワにおける放射線感受性ならびに突然変異と四倍体の誘発〔英文〕
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Vigorously developing mulberry shoots on the one-year-old grafted trees of the variety Ichinose were separately exposed to 60Co gamma rays of 6kR at 120R/hr and of 7.5kR at 150R/hr at early July, early August and early September.The results obtained are described briefly as follows:1. After irradiation all of the irradiated shoots developed axillary buds with malformed narrow leaves, and after that all individuals in all irradiations in early September and about half of both early July and early August irradiations both with higher exposure, ceased shoot development. After developing the axillary buds with malformed narrow leaves the remaining irradiated shoots developed axillary buds with scaly leaves, leafless portion, and those with normal leaves, and then bifurcated.2. This type of radiation damage was large for plants with higher exposure as comared with those with lower exposure, and it was also severe for plants irradiated at early July in comparison with those at early August.3. From the ceasing of shoot development, the LD50 value of 150R/hr irradiation was estimated to be at the point a little more than 7.5kR, but the value in 120R/hr irradiation could not be estimated for tolerance of all plants to the exposure used.4. The frequencies of mutations and tetraploids in grafts produced by propagation of axillary buds below the leafless portion were high in grafts with higher exposure as compared with those with lower one, and also the frequencies were high in early July irradiation in comparison with early August irradiation.5. It was confirmed by repeated cutting-back treatment to the mutated and the tetraploid shoots that the size of mutation or tetraploid sector was large in the shoot derived from the less advanced axillary bud primordium at the time of irradiation as compared with that from the advanced one.6. All of tetraploids obtained in the present experiment were cytochimeras having a diploid epidermiss over tetraploid internal tissues.
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