Minute tubercles on the skin surface of larvae of Acheilognathus and Pseudoperilampus (Cyprinidae).
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概要
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It is known that bitterling larvae of <I>Acheilognathus</I> and <I>Pseudoperilampus</I> have minute scalelike tubercles on the skin surface (Uchida, 1937, 1939;Nakamura, 1969).Recently Fukuhara et al. (1982) described minute scaly tubercles distributed on the surface of the yolk sac in the larvae of <I>Acheilognathus</I>.However, they did not mention the minute tubercles distributed on the skin surface of the whole body and morphological changes of the tubercles with growth of the larvae.<BR>The present paper deals with the tubercles distributed on the skin surface of the whole body in the larvae of the following species: <I>Acheilognathus lanceolata, A.limbata, A.tabira tabira, A.tabira</I> subsp.(b), <I>A.moriokae, A.cyanostigma, A.rhombea</I> and <I>Pseudoperilampus typus</I>.The skin surface of larvae was divided into three parts (a-c, Fig.1) to facilitate the description of the distributional patterns of the tubercles.Although the larvae of both <I>A.lanceolata</I> and <I>A.limbata</I> have minute scale-like tubercles (ca.20-25, um in height), which are circular cones that tilt poste-riorly on the skin surface of part a of the body, they have numerous hemispheric minute tubercles (ca.5-10μm in height) on part b and vestigial minute tubercles on part c.The dorsal part of the yolk sac in both species is slightly developed to form a pair of hilly projections.The larvae of <I>A.moriokae, A.cyanostigma</I> and subspecies of <I>A.tabira</I> have minute scale-like tubercles (ca.20-25μm in height), which are ellipsoid in diagonal cross section, on the skin surface of both parts a and b of the body and vestigial minute tubercles on part c.The larvae of both <I>A.rhombea</I> and <I>P.typus</I> have minute scale-like tubercles (ca.20-40μm in height) same as those in the above-mentioned four species and subspecies on the skin surface of the whole body.<BR>The minute scale-like tubercles in all the eight species and subspecies change into hemispheric minute tubercles with growth of the larvae.<BR>On the basis of morphological characters of the tubercles, fifteen species and subspecies of acheilognathine fishes were divided into three groups and five types.This classification seems to reflect the phylogenetic relationships among acheilognathine fishes.
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