Drug Susceptibility of Escherichia coli Isolated from Foals with Diarrhea and Mares with Metritis
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概要
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Drug susceptibility tests were carried out by the disk diffusion and agar dilution methods to make a guide for antibiotic treatment of horses with diarrhea or metritis due to Escherichia coli, and to examine the presence of E. coli isolates resistant to a wide range of antimicrobial agents. When 162 isolates of E. coli were examined for drug susceptibility by using 63 kinds of commercial discs, 10% to 30% of them showed the resistance to 13 antibiotics, including streptomycin, kanamycin, tetracycline, ampicillin and chloramphenicol, to which the bacteria might be originally susceptible. When the results of the disc drug sensitivity test were compared between 44 hemolytic and 118 non-hemolytic strains of E. coli, there were little differences in susceptibility to main antimicrobial agents. When the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 61 antimicrobial agents were examined with 90 of the isolates described above, all the 90 isolates showed good susceptibility to 18 antimicrobial agents belonging to aminoglycosides, cephems, peptides, nitrofurans and penicillins. The MIC was less than 3.13μg/ml for more than 90% of these isolates. On the contrary, tetracyclines, chloramphenicols and sulfonamides failed to inhibit the growth of more than 90% of the isolates at a concentration of 100μg/ml. Consequently, 3 aminoglycosides (gentamicin, sisomicin and tobramycin) and 5 cephems (cefotaxime, latamoxef, cefoperazone, ceftizoxime and cefotetan), all of which were especially high active agents among those 18 agents, are recommended for use in the treatment of E. coli infections in horses, such as diarrhea in foals and metritis in mares.
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