Effects of Environmental Factors on the Emergence of Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. in Upland Crop Fields in Northern Saga Prefecture.

概要

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The morphological characteristics of seeds and effects of environmental factors on their emergence was investigated in Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. occurring in upland fields in the northern part of Saga Prefecture. The number of seeds per fruit of C. bursa-pastoris collected from plants that bore fruits varied with the ripening or harvesting period, but not with the position of the fruits in the scape and with the left and right purses. The size of the seeds increased when fruits matured in the lower part of a scape in plants in different harvestig periods.After storage of seeds in upland soil outdoors during 1, 2 or 3 months, the germination percentage was higher than that of the seeds stored in moistened soil at 5°C. However the period of dormancy awakening of seeds varied with the ripening period. The highest germination percentage of seeds was obtained at 25°C (day)-10°C (night) among various temperature conditions.The emergence pattern of seeds stored under low temperature conditions did not vary with the seed harvesting period, but whenas that of seeds sown just after harvesting was different, in that the emergency percentage of these seeds tended to increase after abundant rainfall. The germination percentage of sown C. bursa-pastoris seeds was slightly higher in the soil disturbance plot than tn the untreated control one.
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