Diurnal biting activity of four zoophilic species of Simulium in an area endemic for human onchocerciasis in Guatemala.

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The biting activity of four zoophilic species of Simulium was examined in an area endemic for human onchocerciasis in Guatemala, using bovine baits. The surveys were performed at three sites within San Vicente Pacaya county (SVP) from daylight until nightfall of two days in January 1979. A total of 8, 203 blackflies were collected from the baits throughout the collections. Of these flies, 6, 531 (79.6%) were Simulium metallicum s. 1.; 977 (11.9%), S. pulverulentum; 654 (8.0%), S. callidum; and 41 (0.5%), S.rubicundulum. Biting activity of S. metallicum s. 1. peaked between 0800 to 0900 hours and a second peak was noted between 1500 to 1600 hours. S. callidum also exhibited two peaks, one in the morning and the other, more pronounced, in the late afternoon, immediately before the night-fall. The remaining two species, S. pulverulentum and S. rubicundulum were mainly mid-morning attackers of cattle. Thus, the rate of species composition was presumed to differ within a day.
日本熱帯医学会の論文