Distribution of Strains of Rice Bordered Sheath Spot Fungus, Rhizoctonia oryzae, in Paddy Fields and Their Pathogenicity to Rice Plants.
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In 1981-1990, Rhizoctonia oryzae which causes bordered sheath spot on rice plants was isolated from lesions on the plants in the paddy fields in T and N districts close to Nagoya City. Classification of these field isolates was conducted on the basis of hyphal anastomosis reaction in pairing test between isolates. Consequent isolates groups (strain) were surveyed in terms of their distribution and Pathogenicity on rice plants. In T district, 11 and 14 strains were found in a field, TO, (no. of plots surveyed: 35) and 18 neighboring ones (no. of plots surveyed per field: 6-8), respectively. Two strains among 11 in TO field were detected to distribute in 6 neighboring fields during survey. Other 2 strains, one from TO field and another one from neighboring field, were found intermittently for 3-4 out of 5-7 years to distribute in one third to about half of the total fields surveyed. These common strains in the same year were maximally 130-140m distant, each other, to conduce to outbreaks of the bordered sheath spot. In another N district, 1 strain among 9 within a field, NE, (do.: 40) was also found in a neighboring field (do: 6-8) 2 years later. In inoculation of heading stage rice plants with one representative isolate belonging to each strain, both ratios of disease severity and diseased culm of plural year-isolated strains in fields were significantly higher than those of 1-year-isolated strains. The latter strains, however, contained some ones showing higher ratios of the disease severity and diseased culm.
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